Data processing system



Jan. 9, 1968 Filed Aug. 24, 1962 COMPUTER INSTALLATION A G. A. ERICKSON DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM 27' Sheets-Sheet l MASTER COMPUTER INSTALLATTON COMMUNI CATION MEDIA COMPUTER INSTAL LATlON B COMPUTER INSTALLATION r300 r60 -arOb STORAGE SECTION -BO CONTROL SECTlON NPUT OUTPUT INPUT SECTION ARITHMETIC SECTION OUTPUT (JABLES AND ssc'now AND CABLES CONTROL CONTROL BLOCK DIAGRAM SYMBOL OF UNIT COMPUTER Fig. 3

f i b y "fi A I I 29282726252423222'2Ol9l8|7|6l5l4|3l2llI098 76 5 43 2 l 0 Jim 4 a INVENTORS GORDON A. ERIC/(SON RALPH AH/LEMA/V ERNEST 6. MUTSCHLEI? GERALD E. P CKER/NG Jan. 9, 1968 Filed Aug. 24 1962 27 Sheets-Sheet 2 so 0 CONTROL sEcTIoN I IEIIT' IZZ 82 I I- STORAGE SECTION I I I I 62 I I INTERRUPT ADD u, I MAIN r I I 96 92 I I MEMORY ADDRESS I I s I XLTR I altgnglg' I I sET+I I I I/64 I I 72 T4 525% I I I6 :ID-BIT I I 84 I I I WORDS I I I 68 70 I BI UU I LRETURN JUMP 1 I I 2v 2L l' I as I I I I00 3 I I I I I 54 c0NTI=I0L I I I XLTR I I +0,+I-2 B5 I I ZOUT BUS I I as I I 2- IN BUS I 8-; To ALL I L J I q CIRCUITS I TNFuJDFTFGF I I F I I I sEcTIoN I I 98 R I INPUT FROM REGISTERS I GATED l I f 9 I IN EXTERNAL AMP I I EQUIPMENT I CH. 0- I3 I I P K I AND OTHER COMPUTERS I 50 I I J 1/0 CONTROL R R TY a I AND TIMING- I I g D E I SIGNALS I f K36 I LINE DRIVERS I IIO men. 2-5

f' 32 52 I r- ARITHMETIC I OUTPUT T0 :5 LINE I I SECTION I EXTERNAL fi DRIVERS GATES I I 4 EQUIPMENT CH. 6-9 I l I I r I, LINE I I SS'YS I I l I I I I OUTPUT To 1 LINE I I OTHER I DRIVERS COMPUTERS I CH. 0 -I I I LEGEND: 2

REGISTERS, AMPLIFIER 5 O MODIFIER AND TRANsLAToRs NETWORKS Jan. 9, 1968 DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM Filed Aug. 24. 1962 27 Sheets-Sheet 4 REPERTOIRE OF LP Logical Product Y The operand;

Y or (Y) 2;} Special j 8 k Designators OP MNEMONIC INSTRUCTION CODES INSTRUCTIONS FUNCTIONS s2 SELeclive 1 CLEAR tAl FoR Y =l 53 SELective su Y (A) FOR (Q) =l 54 Replace SEIective SET SET (A) FOR (Y) l, Y 8 A 55 Replace SElective 'CP CCMPLEMENT (At FOR (Y),,=I, Y at A 56 Replace SElective CL CLEAR (A), FOR (Yl I, Y at A 5? Replace SElective SU (Yl (A) FOR (Ql =l. Y 60 JumP (arithmetic) Jump to Y if j-condition is satisfied. 6| JurnP (manual) }(see JP 8 RJP j-Designators) 62* JumP (tr-c" has ACTIVE Jump to Y if c input lNput buffer) buffer active (see JP 8 RJP 63* Jump tit-c" has ACTIVE Jump to Y if c *oot ut j-Designatars) OUTput buffer) buffer active 64 Return JumP (arithmetic) Jump to Y+I and P+l- Y if 1 condition is 65 Return JurnP (manual) satisfied (see JP 8 RJP j-Designatars) 66* TERMinate 'C INPUT Terminate input buffer on channel j* 67 TERMinate C oUTPUT Terminate output buffer on channel j* 'rO RePeaT Execute Nl Y times 7| BSKip' B" lB) =Y,skip Nl Grid oIeot (Bi -,(B) 9* Y,

Adyance B and read Nl 72 BJumP a" (B) =o,tood NI;(B) #0,IB) 0nd jump to address Y 73* Buffer IN on .(Y] (OOlOO+ 1*);

(without monitor made) It*=t ,(Y] (0OlOO+j*) It*=0, Y (o0I0a+j*), v 74* OUTput c" Buffer OUT an c ftt*=a, (Y) (O0l20+ 1*); (without monitor made) k*=l,(Y) (O0l2O+j It*=o, Y (0Ol20+j*) 75* Buffer IN f *=3, (Y) I00|o0+i lt (with'MONlTOR mode) k*=|, (Y)L oo|oo+t*) It*=0, Y (OO|0O+j*) 76* OUTput c" Buffer OUT on c TIt*=3, (Y) (00I20 +t* (with-MONITOR model k* I, IY), (00l20 '*I, I *=o, Y (00I20 +j mon. inter. at OO060+ 1* INSTRUCTIONS NOTE:

Skip Nl if other Computer (on channel 0 or I t has input buffer active. Execute twice.

Jan. 9, 1968 s. A. ERICKSON ET AL 3,363,234

DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM Filed Aug. 24 1962 NOR B obZcd SET SET CLEAR CLEAR I70 Fig. 9

27 Sheets-Sheet E Jan. 9, 1968 G. A. ERICKSON ETAL 3,

DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM Filed Aug. 24, 1962 27 Sheets-Sheet 6 FUNCTION OPERATION 5 Ila fl'g. lle

INITIAL CONDITIONS (0) 1 =KNOWN VALUE TEST 242 a =o -ow- VALUE OPERAND+A H+A1 A (+A =STORAGE ADDRESS OF TEST OPERAND a =STORAGE ADDRESS OF FINAL OPERAND 244 24a 64 9+ 250 STORE STOP 0N k- UNMODIFIED (A) 0 OPERAND (OJ- w 1 243 256 STORE MODIFIED OPERAND (A)(Q) w 252 N0 STORE MODIFIED OPERAND (A1+ o) w Jan. 9, 1968 G. A. ERlCKSON ETAL 3,363,234

DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM 27 Sheets-Sheet 7 Filed Aug. 24. 1962 PDmZ 0 mwhzmzou .52:

FDQPDO Itmq m tub-E500 .EZD

4 mmh mioo .EZD

63 5%: mmSmzou :2: N5

Jan. 9, 1968 G. A. ERICKSON HAL 3,363,234

DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM Filed Aug. 24. 1962 27 Sheets-Sheet a aao XMIT

ass

(IOOI) E M mw E R H 4 2 O wm 2534 o 3 T 3 v m Q o 0 CS N H o 3 N m I C E m W E m S m 0mm I wms mmm 5;

CLEAR/ 354 CLEARED 356 wnu DATA CATEGORY DISPLAY M 2 2 w m? m G 1 P D m m w R M WP w P m Ft 2 Y 3CT COMPUTER DESIGNATOR DATA KEYBOARD (I I0) (III) COMMAND TYPE BUTTONS 335 lg. l4

COMPUTER DESIGNATOR BUTTONS 329 Jan. 9, 1968 G. A. ERICKSON ETAL 3,363,234

DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM 27 Sheets-Sheet 9 Filed Aug. 24. 1962 PROCESSES BEING CONTROLLED I I I I I SYSTEM -TO- sm:

SYSTEM COMPUTER SITES SITE-TO-SYSTEM SITE-TO-PROCESS DATA AND CONTROL CONTROL AND CONTROL AND AND SUFFERING AND BUFFERING COMMUNICATION INTERFACE INTERFACE FUNCTIONAL TAS K DIAGRAM TRANSMIT RECEIVE T= TRANSMIT TIME n=NUMBER OF SITES SYSTEM COMMUNICATION TIMING REQUIREMENTS Fig. /6

Jan. 9, 1968 5. A. ERICKSON ET AI. 3,363,234

DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM Filed Aug. 24 1962 27 Sheets-Sheet l0 4I8 428 UN. COMPUTER/4M 420 f4|6 OUTPUT DATA REOUEST\ INPUT oATA REouEsT\ EXTERNAL FUNCTION STORAGE INTERRUPT J OUTPUT ACKNOWLEDGE g CONTROL g INPUT ACKNOWLEDGE I Z PERIPHERAL 432 J 434 J g g 424 j 422 PERIPHERAL EQUIPMENT A 30 DATA LINES ARITH. In 30 DATA LINES EQUIPMENT H I I E J I I I 'TI E *I o T 4- I I I or I2 NORMAL OUTPUT CHANNELS l or I4 INPUT CHANNELS DATA TRANSFER CONTROL F I g. /7 436 438 uNIT COMPUTER A UNIT COMPUTER B g1; f fifi if 'fifi coNTRoL I REQUEST coNTRoL sPEcIAL RESUME I INPUT sPEcIAL INPUT ARITH. OUTPUT ACKNOWLEDGE INPUT ARITH. OUTPUT 440 I 442 CHANNEL CHANNEL 30 DATA LINEs INTERCOMPUTER DATA TRANSFER CONTROL F lg. I8 I I TRANSMITTING RECEIVING COMPUTER I TRANsITIoN TIMES a e MICROSECONDS I I COMPUTER OUTPUT DATA I us 4 I P- I NO MAX.

INPUT DATA OUTPUT READY INPUT REQUEST MIN. 25.6 us I MAX.6O sac. I MI:b28.8us I MAX.

MIN. 20.4 us

NO MAX. I

OUTPUT RESUME INPUT ACKNOWLEDGE MIN. l4.8us M. I INTERCOMPUTER DATA TRANSFER TIMING Jan. 9, 1968 Filed Aug. 24, 1962 DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM 27 Sheets-Sheet l2 DEMAND READY READY DIGITAL DIGITAL ANALOG INPUT INPUT INPUT DEVICES DEVICES DEVICES KEYBOARD 1 $333? CONTROL UNIT I CONVERTER 5|6 W -5|4 \I DUPLEXER 522 524 528 5I8 526 520 STORAGE STORAGE CONTROL CONTROL INPUT ARITHV OUTPUT INPUT ARITH. ourpur UNIT COMPUTER A UNIT COMPUTER B RELATION OF KEYBOARD CONTROL TO SITE MAGNETIC TAPE UNIT NO. I

MAGNETIC TAPE UNIT MAGNETIC TAPE CONTROL UNIT DUPLEXER INPUT UNIT COMPUTER A RELATION OF MAGNETIC TAPE CONTROL TO SITE STORAGE CONTROL ARITH. OUTPUT UNIT COMPUTER B Jan. 9, 1968 Filed Aug. 24,

G. A. ERICKSON ET AL 3,363,234

DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM 1962 27 Sheets-Sheet 15 A I A= INITIAL ADDRESS A 2 OF SUBPROGRAM.

A 4 x= MAXIMUM NUMBER OF A 5 SUBPROGRAMS FoR A 6 EXECUTIVE ROUTINE A 7 OF REFERENCE.

A In

A II

A +|3 LETTERS REFER TO ADDRESSES A I4 OOOOGOOOOOOOO mmmwwmmmmmmcnm IN MAIN MEMORY SECTION OF UNIT COMPUTER.

EXAMPLE SUBPROGRAM ENTRANCE ADDRESS TABLE ig. 25a

24 nouns 752 +I 24 HouRs B= INITIAL ADDRESS OF 2 24 HouRs PRIORITY TIME TABLE. 3 IO SECONDS :2 2233; I. SUBPROGRAMS G,H,I,M,8IN 6 24 HOURS ARE PERIODIC IN NATURE. 7 50 MILLI SEC +I0 24 HoURs 2. THE 24 HOUR ENTRIES +n 24 HoURs REPRESENT A VERY LARGE +I2 24 nouns DELAY. THIS INSURES THAT +I3 24 nouns THE FLAG wILL BE CLEARED +I4 AUTOMATICALLY AFTER THE FIRST REFERENCE.

+ X 30 SECONDS 1 EXAMPLE PRIORITY TIME TABLE Fig. 25b

C= INITIAL ADDRESS OF SUBPROGRAM FLAG TABLE.

EXAMPLE SUBPROGRAM FLAG TABLE f[g. 25c

Jan. 9, 1968 G. A. ERICKSON ET DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM Filed Aug. 24, 1962 :-756 START INITIALIZE SUBPROGRAM FLAG TABLE-TRANSMIT CONTENTS OF PRIORITY TIME TABLE TO SUBPROGRAM FLAG TABLE CLEAR THE REAL TIME CLOCK r 'TBZ INITIALIZE ADDRESS OF SUBPROGRAM FLAG TABLE TO BE SCANNED TO SUBPROGRAM OF HIGHEST PRIORITY [STORE C AT ADDRESS P] (P)f C EXAMINE VALUE OF REAL TIME CLOCK- III TIME TO EXECUTE SUBPROGRAM SPECIFIED AT CH? YES ADVANCE SUEPROGRAM FLAG TABLE ENTRY CORRESPONDING To SELECTED SUBPROGRAM PRIORITY TIME TABLE] I 4 (IL-0 SUBPROGRAM FLAG TABLE CI'i 27 Sheets-Shae t 16' REFER TO TABLES ILLUSTRATED IN FIGURES 250 25!), 8x 25::

NOTE

i O X AND IS THE ADVANCE OF THE ADDRESS PAST C ADVANCE SUBPROGRAM FLAG TABLE SCAN ADDRESS HAS ENTIRE SUBPROGRAM FLAG TABLE BEEN SCANNED? EXECUTIVE ROUTINE EXECUTE SUBPROGRAM SPECIFIED BY THE SUBPROGRAM ENTRANCE TABLE ITEM CORRESPONDING TO ITEM SELECTED FROM SUBPROGRAM FLAG TABLE- (C i SPECIFIES SUBPROGRAM) Jan. 9, 1968 G. A. ERICKSON ET AL 3,363,234

DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM 27 Shee ts-Sheet 1 Filed Aug. 24, 1962 KN xk 55128 :2: mom REESE mswomu m 293 Jan. 9, 1968 G, A. ERICKSON ET AL 3,363,234

DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM Filed Aug. 24, 1962 27 Sheets-Sheet 19 FROM EXECUTIVE START ROUTINE SET NUMBER OF WORDS TO BE TESTED LOAD SELECTED WORD ERROR PARITY NO INDICATION CORRECT? To KEYBOARD CONTROL UNIT YES 32 FORMAT TESTS SUBROUTINE CONVERT DATA BITS TO APPROPRIATE MACHINE LANGUAGE STORE WORDS IN APPROPRIATE ADDRESS 8N KEYBOARD MESSAGE STORE ADDRESS OF BEEN PROCESSED NEXT WORD END To EXECUTIVE PROCESS KEYBOARD CONTROL ROUTINE UNIT SUBPROGRAM Jan. 9, 1968 G. A. ERICKSON ET AL 3,

DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM Filed Aug. 24, 1962 27 Sheets-Sheet 20 START IS THE NUMBER OF DIGITS CORRECT? IS THE WORD-CODE PERMISSIBLE WAS THE PREVIOUS MESSAGE COMPLETED ERROR INDICATION BY EXTERNAL FUNCTION 846 FORM TEST SUBROUTINE 880 FROM INPUT BUFFER STAR-r TERMINATION INTERRUPT SET END-OF- INTER- COMPUTER- DATA- TRANSFER FLAG IN SUBPROGRAM FLAG TABLE REINSTATE INPUT BUFFER END INTER-COMPUTER BUFFER TERMINATION ON INTERRUPT L a. Z. 

1. A MULTI-COMPUTER DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM HAVING CERTAIN OF SAID COMPUTERS BEING REMOTELY LOCATED WITH RESPECT TO ONE ANOTHER COMPRISING: A PLURALITY OF INDEPENDENTLY OPERABLE COMPUTERS FOR UTILIZATION SELECTIVELY SINGLY AND IN COMBINATION AT EACH OF THE LOCATIONS THE LOCATIONS EACH HAVING AT LEAST ONE COMPUTER WITH A TERMINAL PORTION FOR INTERLOCATION COMMUNICATION, SAID PLURALITY OF INDEPENDENTLY OPERABLE COMPUTERS PERFORMING INDEPENDENT CONTROL AND DATA SIGNAL MANIPULATING TASKS ON A TIMESHARING BASIS WHILE OPERATING AS A PART OF THE DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM; SELECTIVELY ACTUATABLE COMMUNICATION MEANS COUPLED TO THE TERMINAL PORTION OF EACH OF SAID LOCATIONS FOR TRANSMITTING DATA SIGNALS THEREBETWEEN; EXECUTIVE CONTROL MEANS AT EACH OF SAID LOCATIONS FOR DETERMINING THE ORDER OF PERFORMANCE OF SAID INDEPENDENT CONTROL AND DATA MANIPULATING TASKS; AND A CONTROL DEVICE, INCLUDING MANUAL ENTRY MEANS, RESPONSIVELY COUPLED TO EACH OF SAID LOCATIONS FOR ALTERING THE ORDER OF TASK PERFORMANCE OF THE LOCATIONS. 